Continuous Distribution of Charges--

When we consider the charged body of reasonable size, charge has continuous distribution. The continuous distribution of charge may be of one dimensional, two or three dimensional.

Linear Charge Density--

When charge is distributed along a line, the distribution is called linear.

If Charge q is distributed over the length L, then 

Linear charge density(λ) =q/l

Surface Charge Density--

When charge is distributed over the entire surface, the

Definition of One Coulomb- One coulomb is that charge which repels an equal and similar charge with a force 9x10⁹ N, when placed in vacuum(or air) at a distance of one meter from it.

                                    1C= 3x10⁹ stat C

Principle of superposition--

It states that when a number of charges are interacting,

total force on a given charge is the vector sum of the

individual forces exerted on the given charge by all

 the other charges. The force between any two charges

Coulomb's law in electrostatics--

It states that two point charges attract or repel each other with a force which is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Properties of charges

1. Conserved
2. Additive
3. Quantized

1.Conserved

Charge is conserved in nature means it neither be created Nor be destroyed. It is transferred from one body to other body.

2. Additive

The total electric charge on an object is equal to the algebraic sum of all the electric charges distributed on the different parts of that object.

           q=q₁+q₂+q₃+.......