Kirchhoff’s Laws—

Kirchhoff gave two laws

1. Kirchhoff’s First law or Junction Law or Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)
2. Kirchhoff’s Second Law or Loop Law or Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)

Kirchhoff’s First law or Junction Law or Kirchhoff’s Current Law (KCL)

This law states that at a junction, the algebraic sum of all the currents is zero. In other words at a junction the sum of all the incoming currents is equal to the sum of all the outgoing currents.

Kirchhoff’s Second Law or Loop Law or Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law (KVL)—

This law states that at a closed loop, the algebraic sum of all the change in potential difference is zero. In other words in a closed loop the sum of all the emfs is equal to the sum of the products of currents and resistances in the loop.

In a closed loop,